河南省洛宁县月亮沟铅锌银矿成矿特征及找矿远景

通过对豫西熊耳山西段的月亮沟铅锌银矿成矿地质特征的分析研究,总结出了该区成矿基本规律,认为该区矿体严格受构造蚀变破碎带控制,属于典型的薄脉型矿床,且矿区深部及周边地区尚有较大的找矿远景.     

基于Kriging算法的三棱柱地质体三维可视化实现

采用了一种基于Kriging算法的三棱柱三维可视化方法对地质体进行了可视化,其基本思想是首先用Kriging算法将空间任意的离散的数据点生成规则的点数据,将点数据划分成多个三棱柱,然后以三棱柱为基本单元进行地质体可视化。本系统是在Visual C++/OpenGL平台上开发而成,具有精度高、交互好的特点,经过实践运行,切实可行。     

滇藏铁路沿线滇藏交界段劈理化带成因探讨及工程效应分析

滇藏铁路沿线滇藏交界段劈理化带是新近发现的与高山峡谷区河流岸坡密切相关的介于劈理与节理之间的密集破裂构造型式。我们对劈理化带进行了较全面的调查、测绘、统计和分析, 由此得出, 劈理化带呈带状断续分布, 规模与河流岸坡规模有关, 在金沙江和澜沧江岸坡地带规模巨大, 并与微地貌关系密切。另外, “劈理”具有倾角陡、不均匀等特点, “劈理”走向往往与河流方向一致。劈理化带是在内、外动力相互作用下形成, 内动力作用可以形成劈理化带, 在内动力作用的基础上, 河谷地带的外动力作用也可以形成劈理化带, 内、外动力对劈理化带均有后期改造作用。拟建的滇藏铁路将通过许多劈理化带, 那里将来可能产生铁路地基大变形、隧道和桥梁大变形、隧道冒顶、隧道渗漏和发生滑坡、崩塌、泥石流灾害。因此, 在将来铁路等工程建设和运营中要采取针对性防治措施。     

锚杆无损检测力锤激励机理与实验

在对锚杆进行无损检测中,力捶激振是产生锤击脉冲普遍采用的方法,对于煤矿常用的锚杆,因激振面积小,现场检测波形一致性较差,给波形的判读带来一定的误差,因此研究锤击脉冲的力学性能对工程动力检测具有重要意义。笔者将力锤与杆撞击之间由小到大和由大到小的局部变形用一个无质量的具有刚度为K的弹簧来模拟,从而推导出力锤与杆撞击的撞击力和脉冲作用时间表达式。然后运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件模拟了不同质量、撞击头半径和弹性模量的撞击杆以不同的速度撞击长杆的应力波形态和脉冲宽度,并在实验室对预应力锚杆用不同质量、不同硬度的力锤进行了激振试验。数值模拟和实验结果进一步阐述了锚杆无损检测力锤激励机理,为更准确地实施锚杆无损动力检测,提高工程检测质量创造了条件。     

Light-induced bird strikes on vessels in Southwest Greenland

Light-induced bird strikes are known to occur when vessels navigate during darkness in icy waters using powerful searchlight. In Southwest Greenland, which is important internationally for wintering seabirds, we collected reports of incidents of bird strikes over 2-3 winters (2006-2009) from navy vessels, cargo vessels and trawlers (total n = 19). Forty-one incidents were reported: mainly close to land (<4 km, 78%), but one as far offshore as 205 km. Up to 88 birds were reported killed in a single incident. All occurred between 5 p.m. and 6 a.m. and significantly more birds were involved when visibility was poor (snow) rather than moderate or good. Among five seabird species reported, the common eider (Somateria mollissima) accounted for 95% of the bird casualties. Based on spatial analyses of data on vessel traffic intensity and common eider density we are able to predict areas with high risk of bird strikes in Southwest Greenland.     

青藏高原东南缘第四纪工程地质概论

本书是一部系统介绍青藏高原东南缘第四纪工程地质问题和相关研究方法的专著。作者根据当前青藏高原东南缘重大工程建设需求和工程地质学发展趋势,提出加强第四纪地质与工程地质的高层次交叉研     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments,mussels and crustacea around a former gasworks site in Shoreham-by-Sea,UK

Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been determined in sediments, mussels and crustacea in the vicinity of a former gasworks site by Shoreham Harbour, UK. Very high concentrations of PAH were found in the substrate, an ash-like material deposited on the former gasworks site, which exhibited a profile consistent with the major source of contamination being coal or coke tar produced during the period of gas production at the site. Elevated PAH concentrations were also found in mussels both from the beach below the former gasworks site, and from sites further to the east in Portslade and Hove. The significance of these concentrations were assessed using an approach which involved the calculation of benzo[a]pyrene equivalent conoentrations (BaPEs), summing concentrations of individual PAH on the basis of their comparative potency as carcinogens. BaPE ranged from values of, or close to, zero for crustacea, to 336 microg kg(-1) wet weight in mussels from Southwick Beach. The contaminated mussels are not exploited commercially but may be taken by casual gatherers, and notices have been posted to warn potential consumers.     

江西南城醉仙湖河口组地层沉积特征及景观成因分析

江西南城东南部地区广泛发育上白垩统河口组巨厚红层,丹霞丘陵地貌被翠绿的湖水分割为众多岛屿,形成了"绿水绕红山"的独特景象,是醉仙湖景区的主要地貌景观。关于丹霞地貌景观的成因机制,不同区域往往主控因素也不一致。为了增强地质公园建设过程中的科普价值,就需要对红层成岩-成景过程中的地质作用有着详细的了解。本文按控制红盆成景的主导动力因素,将研究区醉仙湖内发育的丹霞地貌详细划分为丹霞构造地貌、丹霞水蚀地貌、丹霞风蚀地貌、丹霞盐风化地貌等多种类型。通过对研究区红层的岩石学特征、沉积相带划分以及景观地貌特征等因素的分析,笔者认为研究区成景地层主要为一套白垩系红层辫状河相砂砾岩,为丹霞地貌的形成奠定了物质基础,成岩期后的内外动力作用对景观成因有着重要的约束作用。     

注水诱发地震的成因及影响因素探讨

根据胜利油田东营凹陷深井注水所监测到的破裂信号特征分析,结合位于同一凹陷内的角7井注水诱发地震特征,对注水诱发地震的成因进行了探讨.注水过程中地层有无先存破裂面对所诱发的地震产生较大影响,认为诱发地震的震级与注采比和注水井的构造位置密切相关.